Books and Manuals
Quality Assurance
in Refraction
Author: M. Srinivasan,
S. Aravind, George Vargheese Puthuran, Chandra Mohan, Parag Shah
Publisher: LAICO www.v2020eresource.org
Description: A guide to quality
assurance in refraction services, includes refraction case and
prescription sheets.
Link: PDF (470Kb)
Refraction Training Manual
Author: S. Mayer
Publisher: ICEH
Published: 2006
Description: This manual is designed to help you understand about refractive errors, to guide you in refracting a patient accurately, and determine what treatment the patient needs. For many patients, the major diagnosis will be the need for glasses. Many more patients need to be assessed for glasses before an accurate diagnosis can be made. The ability to refract a patient quickly and accurately must, therefore, be a great asset in an eye clinic.
Links:
- Introduction: FULL TEXT PDF (15Kb)
- Basic Optics: FULL TEXT PDF (190Kb)
- Vision and Visual Acuity: FULL TEXT PDF (125Kb)
- Refractive Errors: FULL TEXT PDF (130Kb)
- Correction of Ametropia: FULL TEXT PDF (85Kb)
- Accommodation: FULL TEXT PDF (55Kb)
- Presbyopia: FULL TEXT PDF (35Kb)
- The Written Prescription: FULL TEXT PDF (85Kb)
- Neutralisation and Focimetry: FULL TEXT PDF (50Kb)
- Transposition: FULL TEXT PDF (45Kb)
- Best Sphere: FULL TEXT PDF (30Kb)
- Retinoscopy: FULL TEXT PDF (45Kb)
- The Crossed Cylinder Lens: FULL TEXT PDF (65Kb)
- Refraction Routine: FULL TEXT PDF (20Kb)
- Cycloplegia: FULL TEXT PDF (35Kb)
- When to Prescribe: FULL TEXT PDF (25Kb)
- Optical Lenses: FULL TEXT PDF (20Kb)
- Spectacle Dispensing: FULL TEXT PDF (25Kb)
Reports and documents
Global magnitude of visual impairment caused by uncorrected refractive errors in 2004
Authors: Serge Resnikoff, Donatella Pascolini, Silvio P Mariotti, Gopal P Pokharel
Publisher: WHO www.who.int
Journal: Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Published: 2008.01.01
Description: This paper presents the estimate of the prevalence of visual impairment from uncorrected refractive errors for all ages over 5 years at regional and global levels, based on recent published and unpublished surveys.
Links: FULL TEXT PDF (235Kb)
Elimination of avoidable disability due to refractive errors
Publisher: WHO www.who.int
Published: 2000
Description: Report of an informal planning meeting, Geneva, 3-5 July, 2000. The refractive error situation varies greatly throughout the world. However, it is clear that all countries, including those in the developed world, require improvement in refractive services. The aim of programmes for correction of refractive error should be the delivery of equitable affordable eye care, so that all those who can benefit from refractive services get the correction and support they need.
Link: PDF (3.3Mb)
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